资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
出境跟团游最早2月6日出团 3月开始出境跟团产品将增加****** 出境跟团游最早2月6日出团 预计3月开始出境跟团产品将有所增加 2月6日,旅行社出境团队游业务试点恢复,旅行社及在线旅游企业可开展出境团队旅游和“机票+酒店”业务。春节假期后,已有不少旅客开始期待2月6日后的出境跟团游了。北京青年报记者了解到,不少旅行社公布了出境跟团游首团时间。泰国、印度尼西亚、柬埔寨、菲律宾、马来西亚、新加坡等国家在首批名单中。 首个出境团队游 下周一将前往普吉岛 2月6日,旅行社出境团队游业务试点恢复,旅行社及在线旅游企业可开展出境团队旅游和“机票+酒店”业务。泰国、印度尼西亚、柬埔寨、菲律宾、马来西亚、新加坡等国家在首批名单中。 “2月6日,首批旅客将搭乘10:40起飞的春秋航空9C8512航班前往泰国普吉岛。”春秋旅游有关负责人介绍说,这两天公司在加班加点围绕出境跟团游作部署。 凯撒旅业官微发布消息称,凯撒旅游出境游业务已全面启动,凯撒旅游2023首批出境游产品正式上线。“凯撒旅游首批数十款不同类型的出境旅游产品即将陆续上线,2023首个赴欧旅游团组将于2月7日启程。”凯撒旅业董事长陈杰介绍。 截至目前,携程共上线近700条出境团队游产品,覆盖15个目的地国家/地区。其中携程自营产品近400条,覆盖9个目的地国家;包含跟团游、半自助游、私家团以及自由行打包产品等多种类型。 携程最早的出境团是2月7日前往曼谷的泰国曼谷+芭提雅6日5晚半自助游。该团目前共有6位客人,分别从南宁、惠东及中国香港搭乘飞机在曼谷集结。 “航班资源有限以及团票政策不明朗导致当前国内出发的境外跟团产品选择较少。我们假期也在与海外地接社密切联系,紧锣密鼓地摸排采购资源,制定产品上线计划,审核上架产品,整个假期都没怎么休息。”携程海外跟团产品总监张妍介绍道,“出境跟团游市场的恢复还需要一个过程。我们预判大概从3月份开始,不论出境跟团产品数量和报名人数都会增势喜人。” 2月平均机票价格降五成 香港中转出境性价比高 北青报记者从去哪儿平台获悉,多条航线2月平均支付价格比春节期间降低五成。截至1月30日,2月出发的香港-曼谷机票1200元,香港-新加坡800元,上海-普吉800元,杭州-金边1020元,澳门-河内1055元,价格已不到春节期间的三分之一。 此外,从香港转机飞东南亚价格也更具吸引力。例如,1月末至2月初,从中国香港飞往马来西亚吉隆坡、泰国曼谷、新加坡等东南亚地区,价格均在从广州出发一半以下。 从香港中转出境是高性价比选择。擅长做旅行计划的黄女士算了一笔账:“从广州坐高铁去香港非常方便,目前通关要查48小时核酸,提前一天找个能出双语核酸报告的医院,转天就出结果。火车票加核酸两个人500元内就搞定。” 去哪儿大数据研究院副院长郭乐春表示:“受限于航权问题,飞往欧、美、日、韩的航线恢复较少,飞往中国香港、中国澳门和东南亚地区的航班量将于2月增长。随着旅客量较春节期间下降,机票价格也将下降。2月6日,出境团队旅游和‘机票+酒店’业务试点恢复,2023年有更多机会走出去看一看、玩一玩。” 随着春节期间中国游客陆续返程,境外酒店也陆续降价。在去哪儿平台上,新加坡、曼谷、普吉岛、澳门和香港的酒店平均支付价格均有所下降,降价幅度在10%左右。 “我简单算了一下,菲律宾2人7日游,吃住顶配,人均一万元左右。”黄女士说。 在去哪儿平台上签证业务搜索量,1月环比12月增长近3倍,出境游搜索量较高的产品是普吉自由行、曼谷+芭提雅团体游、清迈半自由行等。上海直飞曼谷7日游往返机票3500元、上海直飞普吉6日游往返机票2287元、上海直飞清迈6日游往返机票2181元。另有曼谷+芭提雅6日5晚网红行程、泰国清迈深度体验自由行等团体游项目,都是搜索热门产品。 旅行社协会提示游客 理性消费、慎选高风险项目 2月2日,中国旅行社协会发布《关于做好试点恢复旅行社经营出境团队旅游业务的提示》指出,旅行社要按照《通知》要求,在国家名单范围内开展出境团队旅游和“机票+酒店”业务,与游客签订旅游合同,明确各方权责等。 《提示》说,为进一步发挥好行业自律作用,规范经营行为,维护市场秩序,保障广大游客和旅行社合法权益,中国旅行社协会对出境游相关事项发布提示,旅行社应与游客签订旅游合同,明确各方权责。明确告知游客回国须持有48小时阴性核酸证明,并及时提醒和协助游客开展核酸检测,避免因无法提供核酸证明而延误返程时间。建议在旅游合同中就核酸检测费用以及游客未按照要求进行核酸检测导致无法按时回国的责任作出明确说明。 此外,旅行社还要引导游客遵守我国及旅游目的地法律法规,尊重目的地文化传统、风俗禁忌、宗教信仰,拒绝野味、理性消费,谨慎选择高风险项目,自觉抵制不文明行为,倡导安全、文明、绿色、健康旅游新风尚。 文/本报记者 蔺丽爽 统筹/余美英 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |